Upgrade idea for centering the camera on the standard scanne

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Upgrade idea for centering the camera on the standard scanne

Postby bonesgeorge » 13 Apr 2012, 16:59

We have been in the last planning phase lately, and I noticed something that I found improvable. If you take a look at the bar that supports the camera you will see that the pointing of the camera moves on one or maybe two axes. The camera can zoom practically moving front and back, and if you count the possibility to move left and right the camera with the trigger mechanism, it's two.

As far as we could make it out of the plans, in case of smaller books we lose most of the pixels not pointing right in the center of the target pages however. If you fasten a camera on the cross member between the front and back plate it will point around 8-1/4" which is the standard width of an A4 paper sheet. So, if you want to scan books of A5 size or any smaller books than A4, as we understood, you lose loads of pixels getting lot worse quality.

As our cameras are far from 600 dpi it is really important to keep at least the quality that we already have. So to that, we wanted to make the camera movable on the third axis -- mostly up and down -- and we made some changes to the 1.0 March 1 plans that we will use in our built soon. To see them, you can take a look at the plans below!

In brief, we both made it possible to center the camera to around 4-1/8" of the width of your page to be scanned and move it genuinely beyond these limits. What it means: we can make the best out of our cameras with this upgrade; we get twice as much in DPI, which means we get 4 times more pixels of the same page most of the times, as books more tend to be around A5 than A4.

However, they are not yet tested, so we can't guarantee they work. However, this upgrade should be easy to apply to the standard book scanner unless you cut out already your front and back plate, and you have no wood to cut new ones out.

If you have any ideas or suggestions, feel free to let us know!

Pictures are coming as soon as we're done with the cuts and the assembly!

Image

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As the pictures are not professional plans like those you find for the assembly done with CAD, it may be useful to get guided through the process in detail.

Step 0.

Cut a cubic hole in all the cross members' tongue making them equally wide, as below. The length shall be the width of the plywood or other wood sheet you use.
Step 1.

If done, make a hole on both sides of the cross members that is big enough for a wing nut's head and wings if put in sidewards.

If you don't have a CNC machine it's easy to do by drilling through three times making a T-like shape that you can cut together with a jigsaw -- you can see this on the plans below, too. After that you've got to chisel the part where the wing nut will lay upon.

Drill two wholes across the small member untill you reach the T-shape holes you just cut.

Step 2.

Here, for sure, you may guess that it's quite dumb to use a threaded rod instead of leave the work for a threaded bolt on the other side, but usually you can't get the 12" (~30cm) long threaded rod that you need for the lifting lever but bigger. As it is one of the main ideas of this forum to make a scanner with a great prize/value ratio, keeping the builds' prizes on an affordable level and making a scanner which can be a competitor of those you find on the market for the same prize, we decided to use the rest of the threaded rod cutting them the proper size saving a tiny bit, but still making efforts not to let the prize rise higher.

So, you can, of course, buy threaded rods of the same size but you can use your threaded rod paid already.

Step 3.

After you put your wing nuts sideways in the cross member you need to modify the front and back plates -- this is going to be the harder part.

Still, if you don't have a CNC and can't or won't get it cut by one of them, you can find these tips useful.

As you must have noticed it, the camera supporter cross member is in parallel with the glass platen so that you can get close rectangular shots of your books and avoid best trapezoid shapes. It means, if you want to center your camera to a smaller book you'd better move it along with the cross member -- this is what we are about to do!

Now than, you need to prepare the cross member slots of the front and back plates creating a track to move the cross member on it based on the the March 1 plans. First, before any cuts, you need to drill two mortise to cut the long rounded slots. If you're done, you can go for the two bigger cubic slots. Here, you need to cut up until you reach the line of the cut you find in the March 1 plans here. To make the proper cuts you have to make parallel cuts to the opposite glass platen -- all marked with red. You DON'T connect the two new cut lines but leave a tongue that you just drilled and cut in the middle to function as a slot for the cross member. Before putting them together they're supposed to be trimmed; the edges may rub in the slots so it should slide easier that way.

If you got the slots to slide the camera supporters on, before you do the last thing you've either got to bolt your wing nuts on your threaded rod that hangs out of your front and back plate, or put through and bolt your wing bolts in the wing nuts you had in the cross members.

Now you can start moving your camera on the third axis and enjoy better scan quality!
bonesgeorge
 
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Re: Upgrade idea for centering the camera on the standard sc

Postby dpc » 13 Apr 2012, 21:25

...
So, if you want to scan books of A5 size or any smaller books than A4, as we understood, you lose loads of pixels getting lot worse quality.

As our cameras are far from 600 dpi it is really important to keep at least the quality that we already have.
...


This is a common misunderstanding. If you frame the shot so that it captures an A5 sheet and get 300 DPI, going to a smaller size page is still going to give you the same 300 DPI. The DPI hasn't changed so the "quality" is the same on both size pages.
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Re: Upgrade idea for centering the camera on the standard sc

Postby Heelgrasper » 13 Apr 2012, 22:31

dpc wrote:This is a common misunderstanding. If you frame the shot so that it captures an A5 sheet and get 300 DPI, going to a smaller size page is still going to give you the same 300 DPI. The DPI hasn't changed so the "quality" is the same on both size pages.


Yeah, all this DPI and MP seems to cause a bit of confusion. Been a long time since I had math in school but I'll try to break it down a bit.

Let us assume that the camera captures perfectly a page size A4 (roughly 8.25x12 inches). In order to capture that page in 300 DPI you need (8.25x300)x(12x300) pixels since DPI (dots per inch) to us equals pixels per inch. That gives 8,910,000 pixels or 8.91 MP. So if you camera is 10 MP and captures the A4 page pretty close to the edges 300 DPI shouldn't be a problem.

No matter what size page you capture with the same setup the DPI stays the same. A page size A5 (roughly 6x8.25 inches) in 300 DPI gives (6x300)x(8.25x300) pixels = 4,455,000 pixels or 4.455 MP. A5 is half the size of A4 so if the A4 takes up all of the space in the photo in a setup an A5 page will take up half of the photo in the same setup. And as seen it also only requires exactly half of the pixels to get 300 DPI.

However, you might want to get the DPI as high as you can. As I understand it you rarely need more than 300 DPI but in a book with illustrations or very fine print you might benefit from it.

If we use the same numbers as before, when you fit an A5 page perfectly on 8.91 MP you get about 424 DPI. In other words a 41% increase in DPI. To get the same increase without zooming in (or whatever you do to make the A5 fit the whole photo) you would, by the same math, need to double the MP on the camera. For example go from a 10 MP camera to a 20 MP camera. Or in the other words move from some of the basic compact camera models (often 10-14 MP today) to DSLR models like a Canon EOS 5D! Zooming is a bit cheaper...

Actually, IMHO, the real problem is not small books in regards to scan quality, it's big books. There you need to use as many pixels as possible to get good results. I'm about to try scanning some books with a size of about 12x16 inches and with them 300 DPI is not going to be possible since I'm not going to invest in a DSLR for this project. I'll just have to make do with the 250-270 DPI I'm likely to get.
---
Jakob Øhlenschlæger
Randers, Denmark

The past is a foreign country: they do things differently there
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Re: Upgrade idea for centering the camera on the standard sc

Postby dpc » 13 Apr 2012, 23:49

Thanks for clarifying what I was trying to say, Jakob.

There's another issue that can cut into your DPI and that's due to the inexpensive lenses that are on a lot of these compact digital cameras.

For example, my Canon A495s begin to soften the image the farther you get away from the center of the frame. I've put my camera on a makeshift copy stand and changed lighting, exposure, ISO, zoom levels, and camera distance to the page and the softening of the outer edges was still there. I guess I shouldn't expect too much of the lens on a camera that cost me $50.

To compensate for this problem, I zoom out a bit and waste some pixels around the edge of the page (lowering my DPI) but the resulting image appears to be sharper overall.
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Re: Upgrade idea for centering the camera on the standard sc

Postby bonesgeorge » 14 Apr 2012, 03:32

Thank you Jakob, you'd attempted to make me understand this once, but now I really see the whole thing! I knew that DPI (Dot Per Inch) is a measure of printing and this wasn't really clear to how it makes sense in the scanning process, but of course, now I got it, when you come to scan a book... :roll:

I'll try to summarize what it means to this upgrade:

1. It will virtually only make difference if you either have a camera with lower than 16MP, and want to take shots of an A5 paper sheet printed in 600DPI which can mostly be dictionaries, which usually use smaller font sizes and higher DPI, and books with higher resolution photos.

I wonder if it may be benefiting to use a higher resolution camera than the paper. Isn't that better to have a higher resolution picture than 1×1 of one dot as it will draw its shape better? Cause if so it may be useful to have those megapixels focused on the actual scanning area.
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